Read. Listen. Teach. Play.

Punctuation resources.

Follow a mark a little further.

Start with the free materials here, explore a book or podcast, or follow the references attached to each mark in the field guide.

Free tools on this site

Interactive periodic table of punctuation: explore the marks and open their stories and audio.

Field guide: examples, history and sources, mark by mark.

Teacher resources: printable classroom charts, mark cards and a classroom activity.

Beta games: Mind the Mark, Tone Lock and Ask Better Questions. Free to play while testing continues.

The eight-mark hunt: explore the site to unlock chart and wallpaper downloads. Teachers can get the classroom pack without the hunt.

Further reading

Outside work for readers who want more history and more arguments about tiny marks. These are separate from the mark-by-mark citations below. Links do not imply an endorsement from the authors or publishers.

On the Mark

Florence Hazrat

A history of punctuation from Ancient Egypt to the emoticon.

Shady Characters

Keith Houston

The history of punctuation, symbols and other typographical marks.

Semicolon

Cecelia Watson

A closer look at one mark and the arguments around it.

Pause and Effect

M. B. Parkes

An introduction to the history of punctuation in the West.

Listen and explore

Standing on Points: A Cultural History of Punctuation: a punctuation podcast by Florence Hazrat.

Word of Mouth: On the Mark, Punctuation: BBC Radio 4.

A Way with Words: a radio show and podcast about language.

Shady Characters: Keith Houston's writing about the marks and symbols we use.

Field guide source index

These are the references already attached to individual marks in the field guide, gathered in one place. Open a mark in the guide to read the claim in context. Sources include original records, scholarship, journalism and general reference works. They are not all the same kind of evidence.

Outside sites may change, require a subscription or restrict access. A reference link is not permission to copy its text or images.

Period
Comma
Semicolon
Colon
Exclamation Mark
Question Mark
Em Dash
Hyphen
Ellipsis
Apostrophe
Quotation Marks
Parentheses
Brackets
Tilde
Percent
Plus
Equals
Interrobang
Inverted Interrobang
Sarcasm In Brackets
Snark Mark
Snark Mark Enthusiastic
Percontation Point
Doubt Point
Question Comma
Because
Therefore
Slash
Ampersand
At Sign
Number Sign
Asterisk
Section Sign
Pilcrow
Dagger
Inverted Exclamation Mark
Caret
Asterism
Double Dagger
Guillemets
Underscore
Manicule

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